33. Compare the nature of China’s and India’s economies. What are the similarities between these two major emerging economies, and what are the major differences between them?
india in 2016 is the world's fastest growing nation, surpassing China. larger opportunities for extensive growth. still considerably poor and fades in comparison with China.
*37% of population still under the poverty line (vs. 13% in China)
* security tensions, borders disputes with pakistan and china
* security competition with china over the indian ocean
* service-sector as the factor of growth (unlike manufacturing in asia)
* takes part in cross-border outsourcing in services (instead of participating in global production chains) : exemples, IT, communication, cellular technology, software exports.
* large domestic service sectors, mostly unskilled (restaurants, hotels, trade)
India has a bigger share of the services-sector than China. China has a bigger Industrial sector.
even if the Indian PIL growth is faster than the Chinese, the Indian economy and its process of development are far from passing their Chinese counterparts. Indian development is constantly slowed by insufficient infrastructure, stagnation of the agricultural sector, internal conflicts, social instability, and political division at the heart of the government.
On the other hand, the main role of the Chinese government is to avoid the “trap of median income”, better the quality of economic growth, promote greater scientific development, and increase the efficiency of the economy in general/
One last difference between the development models of China and India is that whereas the former has based its growth on labor-intensive sectors, the latter tends to promote sectors with high levels of competency.
Both countries should concentrate on the importation of advanced technologies and managerial experience, and eventually reduce their dependency on foreign investments and promote internal growth based on domestic consumption and government investments.
34. Briefly present ASEAN as a regional organization. Who are its members? What are its goals and values?
"One vision, one identity, one community."
= founded in 1967 as a security community against communist threat.
= former colonies, strong anti-hegemonic sentiment (emphasis on sovereignty and non-interference)
= 10 member states today : thailand, myanmar, cambodia, vietnam, laos, singapore, malaysia, philippines, brunei darussalam, indonesia.
= mandate for advancing towards regionalism
As set out in the ASEAN Declaration, the aims and purposes of ASEAN are:[22]
To accelerate economic growth, social progress, and cultural development in the region.
To promote regional peace and stability.
To promote collaboration and mutual assistance on matters of common interest.
To provide assistance to each other in the form of training and research facilities.
To collaborate for the better utilisation of agriculture and industry to raise the living standards of the people.
To promote Southeast Asian studies.
To maintain close, beneficial co-operation with existing international organisations with similar aims and purposes.[23]
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